{"id":10400,"date":"2025-04-23T09:34:53","date_gmt":"2025-04-23T08:34:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ksapa.org\/fr\/?p=10400"},"modified":"2025-05-22T09:39:17","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T08:39:17","slug":"transition-agricole-et-inclusion-financiere-des-exploitant-agricoles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ksapa.org\/fr\/transition-agricole-et-inclusion-financiere-des-exploitant-agricoles\/","title":{"rendered":"Transition agricole et inclusion financi\u00e8re des petit-e-s exploitant-e-s agricoles"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Alors que pr\u00e8s de deux milliards de personnes tirent leurs moyens de subsistance de l\u2019agriculture, dont 70% de la population en Afrique ou 60% en Asie du Sud<\/a>, les petit\u00b7e\u00b7s agriculteur\u00b7rice\u00b7s constituent l\u2019un des groupes les plus expos\u00e9s et les plus cruciaux au bas de la pyramide, pour lesquels l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des ressources de base telles que l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la formation professionnelle <\/a>ou l\u2019inclusion financi\u00e8re est un enjeu primordial<\/a>. L\u2019acc\u00e8s aux services financiers est un outil essentiel pour fournir les fonds n\u00e9cessaires aux agriculteur\u00b7rice\u00b7s, pour faire face \u00e0 des d\u00e9fis de court terme dans un premier temps, mais \u00e9galement pour investir, changer de pratiques, augmenter leurs revenus et faire face au d\u00e9r\u00e8glement climatique, dans un second temps. Les petit\u00b7e\u00b7s exploitant\u00b7e\u00b7s agricoles repr\u00e9sentent ainsi une double opportunit\u00e9 pour toute institution financi\u00e8re : de march\u00e9 en accroissant sa client\u00e8le, et d\u2019impact en am\u00e9liorant l\u2019inclusion financi\u00e8re. Et ce, alors que la demande totale de financement des petit\u00b7e\u00b7s exploitant\u00b7e\u00b7s n\u2019est actuellement financ\u00e9e qu\u2019\u00e0 hauteur de 3% au niveau mondial<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 initialement publi\u00e9 sur le blog Convergences ici<\/a>. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 co-\u00e9crit par Marie-Aim\u00e9e Boury, Head of Impact-based Finance du groupe Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale, et Rapha\u00ebl Hara, Directeur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Ksapa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9laborer des m\u00e9canismes financiers inclusifs pour les petit\u00b7e\u00b7s exploitant\u00b7e\u00b7s agricoles<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La finance inclusive est donc essentielle pour aider \u00e0 s\u00e9curiser les ressources financi\u00e8res et \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper les petites exploitations agricoles. Les besoins en investissement sont vari\u00e9s : formation, certification, capacit\u00e9s de stockage pour \u00e9viter la d\u00e9perdition de la production, \u00e9quipements de transformation, s\u00e9curisation de la d\u00e9tention fonci\u00e8re…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour d\u00e9ployer l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux services financiers pour les populations vuln\u00e9rables, il faut en effet faire face \u00e0 de nombreuses barri\u00e8res sur le terrain : co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 du marketing et de l\u2019administration, manque d\u2019acc\u00e8s au capital d\u2019Institutions de Microfinance (IMF), manque de garanties (absence de titre de propri\u00e9t\u00e9, ou d\u2019informations) ou de visibilit\u00e9 sur l\u2019activit\u00e9 des emprunteurs, donn\u00e9es inexistantes ou non fiables, risque de d\u00e9faut\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diff\u00e9rents m\u00e9canismes financiers existent, et sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement peu utilis\u00e9s. Les plus usit\u00e9s? La microfinance et les m\u00e9canismes de cr\u00e9dits court terme, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement conc\u00e9d\u00e9s \u00e0 des niveaux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat significatifs. L\u2019acc\u00e8s aux cr\u00e9dits d\u2019investissement \u00e0 moyen et long terme est, en revanche, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement hors de port\u00e9e des petit\u00b7e\u00b7s agriculteur\u00b7rice\u00b7s. Enfin, certaines opportunit\u00e9s \u00e9mergentes sont \u00e0 mentionner, comme la valorisation financi\u00e8re des externalit\u00e9s positives g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par les activit\u00e9s agricoles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u2019il est bien calibr\u00e9 et accompagn\u00e9, l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des services financiers destin\u00e9s aux petit\u00b7e\u00b7s exploitant\u00b7e\u00b7s peut permettre d\u2019augmenter structurellement les revenus sur le long terme, et d\u2019att\u00e9nuer les risques quotidiens et de long terme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Op\u00e9rationnaliser l\u2019inclusion financi\u00e8re<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bien qu\u2019un grand nombre d\u2019institutions financi\u00e8res ne proposent pas ou peu de services financiers \u00e0 destination de populations de petit\u00b7e\u00b7s agriculteur\u00b7rice\u00b7s encore largement non bancaris\u00e9\u00b7e\u00b7s, des solutions de financement sont en cours de d\u00e9veloppement. Cependant, afin de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble des besoins en mati\u00e8re de financement des petit\u00b7e\u00b7s exploitant\u00b7e\u00b7s agricoles, il est n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019impliquer davantage les banques commerciales en compl\u00e9ment des IMF. Pour ce faire, plusieurs \u00e9l\u00e9ments centraux sont n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 notre sens pour mettre en \u0153uvre de tels dispositifs :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 identifier les sch\u00e9mas contractuels sur lesquels s\u2019appuyer pour structurer les portefeuilles ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 rechercher l\u2019expertise et co-construire des innovations inclusives (notamment digitales) pour d\u00e9ployer et monitorer les programmes de transformation ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 faire appel \u00e0 la finance catalytique pour r\u00e9duire les risques et donc le co\u00fbt des financements octroy\u00e9s dans certains cas ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 organiser des coalitions multi-parties prenantes autour des projets de transformation des cha\u00eenes de valeur agricoles : acteur\u00b7rice\u00b7s financier\u00b7e\u00b7s, expert\u00b7e\u00b7s, industriel\u00b7le\u00b7s, Institutions de d\u00e9veloppement, soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, pouvoirs publics et autres, doivent travailler de concert et sur le long terme pour lever les obstacles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ainsi la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale et Ksapa ont conclu un partenariat dans le but de concevoir et d\u00e9ployer des sch\u00e9mas financiers abordables pour les communaut\u00e9s fermi\u00e8res et visant la cr\u00e9ation de valeur dans les territoires ruraux, le renforcement des chaines de valeur agricoles, et l\u2019impact social et environnemental dans des coalitions multi-parties prenantes int\u00e9grant soci\u00e9t\u00e9s industrielles et soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile. Visant la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire en premier lieu, ce partenariat a pour objet de d\u00e9velopper des solutions couplant assistance technique, digitalisation low tech et finance \u00e0 impact pour accompagner les acteur\u00b7rice\u00b7s locaux\u00b7cales et internationaux\u00b7les dans la recherche d\u2019impact social et environnemental positif sur leur cha\u00eene de valeur, et dans la cr\u00e9ation de valeur locale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La mise en place de financement moyen\u2013long terme au niveau des coop\u00e9ratives sera ainsi accompagn\u00e9e par Ksapa dans le diagnostic des besoins au niveau des fermier\u00b7e\u00b7s et de la coop\u00e9rative, leur priorisation dans un plan d\u2019investissement transformationnel, et le d\u00e9blocage de cr\u00e9dits de moyen-terme pour les financer (\u00e9quipements, formation, digitalisation\u2026). Il sera compl\u00e9t\u00e9 par l\u2019accompagnement et le suivi des impacts au long cours et de la cr\u00e9ation de valeur pour le pays et les communaut\u00e9s locales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale et Ksapa envisagent en ce sens des sch\u00e9mas de cr\u00e9dit d\u2019investissement embarquant toute la cha\u00eene de valeur sur des programmes pluriannuels. \u00c0 travers cette premi\u00e8re initiative, la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale et Ksapa ont pour objectif d\u2019\u00e9tablir un mod\u00e8le financier et op\u00e9rationnel efficace qui aura vocation \u00e0 \u00eatre r\u00e9pliqu\u00e9 sur d\u2019autres cha\u00eenes de valeur agricoles et d\u2019autres g\u00e9ographies en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Illustration Freepik<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les petit\u00b7e\u00b7s exploitant\u00b7e\u00b7s repr\u00e9sentent une opportunit\u00e9 d\u2019impact pour toute la cha\u00eene de valeur agricole<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":10401,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2696,20],"tags":[136,406,2900,142,147],"class_list":["post-10400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-finance-durable-esg","category-rse","tag-competitivite","tag-esg","tag-esg-impact-investing","tag-externalites","tag-partie-prenante"],"yoast_head":"\nTransition agricole et inclusion financi\u00e8re des exploitant agricoles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les petit\u00b7e\u00b7s exploitant\u00b7e\u00b7s repr\u00e9sentent une opportunit\u00e9 d\u2019impact pour toute la cha\u00eene de valeur agricole\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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